What is Kautilya's Saptanga Theory of State?

Kautilya's Saptanga Theory (Arthashastra):

• Concept: Compares the state (Rajya) to a organic human body having 7 essential elements/limbs (Saptanga).
• 7 Elements: Swami (King/Ruler), Amatya (Ministers/Bureaucracy), Janapada (Territory & People), Durg (Fort/Defense), Kosha (Treasury), Danda/Bala (Army/Law enforcement), and Mitra (Allies).
• Significance: Comprehensive ancient Indian framework for statecraft and public administration.