Mention the Basic Structure Doctrine established in Kesavananda Bharati Case (1973).

Basic Structure Doctrine (Kesavananda Bharati Case, 1973):

• Judicial Ruling: Supreme Court ruled that Parliament has wide amending powers under Article 368, but cannot alter or destroy the 'Basic Structure' of the Constitution.
• Key Basic Structure Features: Supremacy of Constitution, Secularism, Federalism, Judicial Review, Separation of Powers, and Rule of Law.
• Significance: Maintained constitutional equilibrium and limited parliamentary absolutism.