What is Federalism with Unitary Bias in the Indian Constitution?

Federalism with Unitary Bias (Quasi-Federal Nature):

• Concept: K.C. Wheare described the Indian Constitution as 'Quasi-Federal' — federal in structure, but unitary in spirit during emergencies.
• Federal Features: Two-tier governance, division of powers (7th Schedule), written Constitution, independent judiciary.
• Unitary Features: Strong Centre (Union List dominance), single citizenship, single integrated judiciary, emergency powers (Arts 352, 356, 360), and Governor appointment by Centre.